"-lock" meaning in All languages combined

See -lock on Wiktionary

Suffix [English]

Etymology: From Middle English -lok, -lak, -lac, from Old English -lāc (suffix denoting activity or action), from Proto-Germanic *laiką (“play, sport, fight, activity”), *laikaz (“game, dance, hymn, sport”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to bounce, shake, tremble”). The etymology of the suffix is the same as that of the noun lāc "play, sport", also "sacrifice, offering", corresponding to obsolete Modern English lake (dialectal laik) "sport, fun, glee, game", cognate to Gothic laiks "dance", Old Norse leikr "game, sport" and Old High German leih "play, song, melody" (> Old French lai "song, lyric, poem, lay"), obsolete or dialectal German Leich. Old English līcian ("to please", Modern English like) is from the same root. In modern English, the noun has been reintroduced through the cognate Swedish lek as a specialist term referring to mating behaviour. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-lok}} Middle English -lok, {{inh|en|ang|-lāc|pos=suffix denoting activity or action}} Old English -lāc (suffix denoting activity or action), {{der|en|gem-pro|*laiką|t=play, sport, fight, activity}} Proto-Germanic *laiką (“play, sport, fight, activity”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*leyg-|t=to bounce, shake, tremble}} Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to bounce, shake, tremble”), {{cog|de|Leich}} German Leich Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -lock, {{en-suffix}} -lock
  1. (no longer productive) Action or proceeding, practice, ritual Wikipedia link: -lock Tags: idiomatic, morpheme Derived forms: bridelock, wedlock Related terms: bedlock

Download JSON data for -lock meaning in All languages combined (2.9kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-lok"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -lok",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-lāc",
        "pos": "suffix denoting activity or action"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -lāc (suffix denoting activity or action)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*laiką",
        "t": "play, sport, fight, activity"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laiką (“play, sport, fight, activity”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*leyg-",
        "t": "to bounce, shake, tremble"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to bounce, shake, tremble”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Leich"
      },
      "expansion": "German Leich",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -lok, -lak, -lac, from Old English -lāc (suffix denoting activity or action), from Proto-Germanic *laiką (“play, sport, fight, activity”), *laikaz (“game, dance, hymn, sport”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to bounce, shake, tremble”).\nThe etymology of the suffix is the same as that of the noun lāc \"play, sport\", also \"sacrifice, offering\", corresponding to obsolete Modern English lake (dialectal laik) \"sport, fun, glee, game\", cognate to Gothic laiks \"dance\", Old Norse leikr \"game, sport\" and Old High German leih \"play, song, melody\" (> Old French lai \"song, lyric, poem, lay\"), obsolete or dialectal German Leich. Old English līcian (\"to please\", Modern English like) is from the same root. In modern English, the noun has been reintroduced through the cognate Swedish lek as a specialist term referring to mating behaviour.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-lock",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-lock",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bridelock"
        },
        {
          "word": "wedlock"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Action or proceeding, practice, ritual"
      ],
      "id": "en--lock-en-suffix-w26Uzicc",
      "links": [
        [
          "ritual",
          "ritual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(no longer productive) Action or proceeding, practice, ritual"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "bedlock"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "-lock"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-lock"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bridelock"
    },
    {
      "word": "wedlock"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-lok"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -lok",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-lāc",
        "pos": "suffix denoting activity or action"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -lāc (suffix denoting activity or action)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*laiką",
        "t": "play, sport, fight, activity"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laiką (“play, sport, fight, activity”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*leyg-",
        "t": "to bounce, shake, tremble"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to bounce, shake, tremble”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Leich"
      },
      "expansion": "German Leich",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -lok, -lak, -lac, from Old English -lāc (suffix denoting activity or action), from Proto-Germanic *laiką (“play, sport, fight, activity”), *laikaz (“game, dance, hymn, sport”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“to bounce, shake, tremble”).\nThe etymology of the suffix is the same as that of the noun lāc \"play, sport\", also \"sacrifice, offering\", corresponding to obsolete Modern English lake (dialectal laik) \"sport, fun, glee, game\", cognate to Gothic laiks \"dance\", Old Norse leikr \"game, sport\" and Old High German leih \"play, song, melody\" (> Old French lai \"song, lyric, poem, lay\"), obsolete or dialectal German Leich. Old English līcian (\"to please\", Modern English like) is from the same root. In modern English, the noun has been reintroduced through the cognate Swedish lek as a specialist term referring to mating behaviour.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-lock",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-lock",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "bedlock"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
        "English lemmas",
        "English suffixes",
        "English terms derived from Middle English",
        "English terms derived from Old English",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms inherited from Middle English",
        "English terms inherited from Old English",
        "English terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "English unproductive suffixes",
        "Pages with raw sortkeys"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Action or proceeding, practice, ritual"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ritual",
          "ritual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(no longer productive) Action or proceeding, practice, ritual"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "-lock"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-lock"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (384852d and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.